Aeroplane



m. E. ma. AEROFLANE- APPLICATION FILED OCT- 29. IQIB.

1 ,3 1 9 ,21 1 Patented Oct. 21, 1919.

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Mlw'nlEIDare gnuchtom hl'l attonuu M. E. DARE. AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED OCR?! IQIB- 1,319,211. Patented 0m- 21, 1919 2 EIIKETPSHEI'I 2.

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MELVIN I. rm, 0] memoir, MICHIGAN.

LEI-02m Specific! on of Letters Intent.

Patented Oct. 21, 1919.

Application fled October 89, 1918. Serial No. 260,105.

the Uflll'llJCl' of either wing and decreasing the camber of the other; and further, to prov1de means for snuultaneously mcrcasm or decreasing the camber of both mugs: an

further, to provide means for changing the angle of incidence of either wingraml fa thcr, to provide means for effecting all tlni.

ends as may be desired.

This, and any other objects hereinafter nppearing, are attained b and tho invention finds preferable embodiment in, the structure hereinafter described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a view in perspective of an aeroplane, part of one of whose wings and a. mart of whose side are broken away;

"ig. E3 is a like view of the framework of one of the wings;

Fig. 3 is a detail view showing a rock connect-ion;

Fig. ris :1. side view of one of the ribs of the wings;

Fig. 5 is a face view of the frame which carries the wing, showing its mounting, ,inenns. for rocking the same, means for ."cl'm-nging the camber of the wing, and com ncctedpnrts; f

Fig. o is a sectional view of certain parts taken on a, plane corresponding to line 6-6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 in nsectional view of certain parts taken on a plane corresponding-to line 7-7 of Fig. 5; and i Fig. 8 is n diagrammatic view showin the means for controllin the cords or 0 nine whereby the camber 0% the win is changed.

In the structure chosen for i ustrction by the drawin s and for dctnil dcooription in the body of this specification, the aeroplane has the body 1 provided with the cockpit '2 containing the aeronauta coat .8 and the hand-operated part8 whereby the mechanisms hereinafter described are controlled. Within and at each side of the body 1 (and ssentially ayartthereof) is securely fixed a rigid support 4 (cruciform in the construction shown) on which is rockably mounted at :1 a frame 6 (kitcshnpcd in the form illustrated) on which frame carried the wing 7. lVhilo the mechanism at only one side of the ncroplane is particularly shown, it is to be understood that the mechanisms on horn sides are identicul. This frame 6 may be rocked on its pivotal mounting 5, us by the gear 8 journalcd extrnneously of the wing (on the sup port 4) which gear meshes with the toothed -sqgmont 9 of the frame 6, the gear being r0- tatud as by its sprocket wheel 10 on the genrs sliaft, which sprocket wheel carries the chain indicated at 11 passing over the sprocket wheel 12 controlled by the hand lever 13. It will be seen that by swinging this hand lever the frame 6 and the wing carried thereon may be rocked on the Inuit 5 to chan the wings angle of incidence, as mav he 1 esircd.

he wing comprises essentially a forward member 14 and a rearward member 15, rockably connected together and each being rockable on axes. extending longitudinally of the wing; and the wing may also comprise an inner portion 16 having said rockablc members and an outer portion 17 which is rigid or essentially integral. As shown, the winga inner ribs 18 and 19 (only two appearing in Fig. 2 for the sake of clearncss) comprise forward members 20 and rearward members 21, the former being rockable on the win s framework rod 22 and the latter on t :5 similar rod 23, securcly carried by the frame 6 near their innor ends. The outer ribs 24, 25 (only two being shown in Fig. 2) are carried by said framework 'rods. The rib members 20, 21 are rcckably connected together by the bar or wing framework rod 26, whose outer end 27 is rockably connected at 28 to the outer rib 24. The inner or free end of this bar 28 'may be raised or lowered, to increase or decrease the camber of the wing, by the rack Bilpivotally connected with the bar's inner on the gear meshing with the rack and being rotated one way or the other by the cord: or sprocket chains indicatcdat 31, 82 phasing over the sprocket wheel 88 on th s gccrs shaft.

Each rib member '20 and 21 being, in the construction shown, pirotally mounted, one of these members, as 20, is made extensible and contractible as by the siide bearings 34.

The fritflie 6 being roekahly mounted eoneentricallfl\'ith the gnarl-i", 1', a. on its shaft 5, it will be seen that in whatever rocked position the frame 6 may be, the camber of the wings may be increased and decreascal as desired.

In order that the. camber of either wing may be increased and that of the other wing decreased simultam-onsly by the aeronaut and by one and by the. same operation, and in order that the camber of both wings may beincrcased or decreased simultaneously and by one and the same. operation, a'lerer flfi is'l'ulcrumed at 36 and carries a dram 37 (shown in two sections) lnrnable by the hand wheel 38: Cords or sprocket chains 31 and 32 are wound on the drum. the opposite ends of one cord (as 31) passing around one pair of sheaves 39, 39 to the. sprocket wheels 33 '(one on each side of the aeroplane) and engaging said wheels in such manner as to turn them in one direction; while the opposite ends of the other cord or chain (as 32) pass arounglthe other pair of sheaves 40, 40 and engage said sprocket wheels in such manner as to turn them in th' opposite direction, which end is cfl'eeted. .ossing the cord 32 between the drmn anu sheaves 40, 40 as shown in Fig. 8. The two cords or chains may be continuous, thus forming a band or belt carried by the drum, all the sheaves and the two sprocket. wheris 33 at the opposite sides of the aeroplane.

in order that the camber of both wings may be increased or decreased simultaneously, one pair of sheaves 39, B9 are ivoted on the lever on the opposite side 0 the lever-"s fulcrum 30 from the other pair of sheaves 40, 40., the two pairs being equidistant from such fulcrum Thus, the camber of laah wings may be changed by swinging the lever forward or backward.

Th covering of the wing may be continuous over the outer portion 17 of the wing and the rearward member 15 of the wings inner portion 16, as shown In Fig. 1; but the coverings of the forward member of the inner portion at the wing should arran ed as shown in Fig. 4. The covering over ying and being shdable on the covering 42 and the covering 49. overlying and being slidable on the covering 48.

The corners of the frame 6 mav be ided by pins 4.4, 45 extending through an hearing in areuate slots 46, 41 in t to sup rt 4,

and by the inner ends of the-wing: remework rods 22, 23 extending throu h and bearing in the areaate slots 48. 40 in an :1 supportand the inner end 0! the bon o may eaten through the arcuate, slot 50 1n the frame 6.

The invention being intended to be pointed out in and by the. claims, is not to be limited to or by details of construction shown or described.

'hat is claimed is:-

1. in an aeroplane: a wing comprising forward and rearward members rockabie on axes extending loneitmlinally of the wing and rochably connected together intermediate said axes; means for rocking said members.

2. In an aeroplane; a. wing comprising forward and rearward memlmrs rockable on axes extending' longitudinally of the wing and roekably connected together intermediate said axes; means for rocking said members comprising a gear journalod extraneously of the wing, and a rack meshing with the gear and connected to at least one of said wing members.

3. In an aeroplane; a wing comprising forward and rearward members photaily mounted on axe-s extendin; longitudinally of the wing and pirotally connected toget-ber. at least one of said members being extensible and contractible in the forward and rearward, direction of the wing; means for rocking said members.

4. In an aeroplane; a wine comprising: forward and rearward mom ers rockahle. on axes extending longitudinally.' of the, wine and roclta-hly connected together intermediate said axes; means connect d to at least. one of said members adjacent the rockaolc connection of said members for writing said members.

ii. In an aeroplane: a wing having an inner rib and an outer rib. the inner rib comprising forward mid rearward members rockable on axes extending longitudinally of the wing and rockably connected together: a bar extending from the rockable connection of said memlmrs to and rockable on the outer rib; means for moving the free end of the bar adjacent the rockable conmotion of said members to change the camber of the wing.

6. In an aeroplane; a wing comprising forward and rearward members roekable on axes extending longitudinally of the wing and rockably connected together; wing coverings for said members respectively, the covering for one said member overlying and being in eiidable relation to the covering for the other member; means for rocking said members.

7. In an. aeroplane; a wing having inner and outer portions, the inner portion com:

rising forward and rearward members inter-relatively movable; a wing covering for said outer portion and said rearward member of said inner portion; a wing covering for said forward member of the inner poi.- tion, one of said coverings overlying and being in slidable relation to the other covering; means for rocking said members.

8. In an aeroplane; a pair of oppositely disposed wings each of which comprises for ward and rearward members rockablepn axes extending longitudinally of the win I and rockably connected intermediate saii axes; means for simultaneously increasing the camber of either wing and decreasing that of the other.

9. In an aeroplane; a pair of oppositely disposed wings each of which comprises forward and rearward members rockable or. axes extending longitudinally of the wingi and rockably connected intermediate sait "xi-s; -u-ans for simultaneous] increasing the (llllllWI of either wing an decreasing that of the other and for increasing or decreasing the camber of both wings simullanoously.

10. In an aeroplane; a pair of oppositely disposed wings each of which comprises forward and rearward parts adapted to be inter-relatively moved to increase and de; crease the camber of the wings; rotatable elements journnlcd extraneousl of the wings; connections between sai elements and the wings respectively for changin the camber of the wings by t e rotation 0 said olcments; a. lever having a rotatable drum and two pairs of sheaves, the airs being;

-nalrd on the opposite sides 0? the lever s arm"; a cord wound on the drum and extending over one pair of sheaves to the two rotatable elements and adapted to turn them in intorrelativ'cly opposite directions, said cord also extending over the other pair of sheaves to the two rotatable elements and ada ted to turn them in the other interrelativc y opposite directions.

11. In an aeroplane a body; a frame rockahly mounted on the body; means for rocking the frame a wing om rising forward and I'('.lllWl1I'( members roc able on the frame on axes extending longitudinally of the wing and rockably connected together; means for rocking said members.

12. In an aeroplane' a body; a frame rocknbly mounted on tie body; means for rocking the frame; a win comprisin forward and rearward mom ens rockab e on the frame on axes extending longitudinally of the wing and rockably connected togather; means for making said members comprising a gear journa ed on the body concentrically with the rock axis of the frame and a rack meshing with the gear and connected to at least one of said wing members.

13. In an aeroplane; a wing haying inner and outer portions, the outer portion being rigid andthc inner portion comprisin forward and rearward parts adapted to ie intcrrclatively moved to change the camber of said inner portion; means for so moving said parts.

14. In an aeroplane; a wing comprising forward and rearward members rockable on axes extending longitudinally of the wing and rockably connected together, one of said members comprisin forward and rearward arts extcnsibly an oontractibly connected n slidable relation; wing coverings for said parts and for the other of said n'iembers rcspectively each covering overlvim; and being in sidable relation to the adjacent covering; means for rocking said members.

15. In an aeroplane; a body; a wing-supporting frame carried b the body in pivotnl relation thereto; slide bearings intermediate the body and' the frame and positiomlafi one above, one below, one before and one bind the pivotal axis of the frame.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set mgy hand at Grand Rapids, Michigan, this 2- th day of October, 1918.

MELVIN E. DARE. 

